• Gịnị BụProtein silk ?
Protein silk, nke a makwaara dị ka fibroin, bụ protein nwere eriri dị elu sitere n'okike ewepụtara na silk. Ọ bụ ihe dị ka 70% ruo 80% nke silk ma nwee ụdị amino asịd iri na asatọ, nke glycine (gly), alanine (ala) na serine (ser) nwere ihe karịrị 80% nke mkpokọta.
Protein silk bụ protein bara ụba ma baa uru nke nwere ngwa n'ihe ịchọ mma, ọgwụ na akwa. Ngwongwo ya pụrụ iche, dị ka biocompatibility na njigide mmiri, na-eme ka ọ baa uru maka ahụike anụ ahụ na ntutu.
• Njirimara anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ nke Protein silk
1. Njirimara anụ ahụ
Ọdịdị:Protein silk na-abụkarị eriri dị nro, nke na-adọrọ adọrọ nke enwere ike ịgbanye n'ime eri ma ọ bụ tinye ya n'ime akwa.
Texture:Ọ nwere ọdịdị dị nro na nke dị nro, na-eme ka ọ dị mma megide akpụkpọ ahụ.
Ike:A maara eriri silk maka ike ha dị elu, na-eme ka ha sie ike karịa ígwè nke otu dayameta.
Njide:Silk nwere ezigbo ngbanwe, na-enye ohere ka ọ gbatịa n'emebighị ma laghachi n'ụdị mbụ ya.
Mmụba mmiri:Protein silk nwere ike ịmịkọrọ mmiri mmiri, na-enyere aka mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ na ntutu dị mmiri.
2. Njirimara Chemical
Amino acid mejupụtara: Protein silkbara ụba na amino acid, ọkachasị glycine, alanine, na serine, nke na-enye aka n'iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na nhazi ya.
Ọdịdị biodegradable:Protein silk bụ ihe na-emebi emebi, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi maka ngwa dị iche iche.
Mmetụta pH:Ndị na-edozi silk nwere ike ịmasị mgbanwe na pH, nke nwere ike imetụta ike ha na ihe nhazi ha.
Nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ:Protein silk na-egosipụta ezigbo nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ, na-enye ha ohere idobe ihe onwunwe ha n'okpuru oke okpomọkụ.
3. Solubility
Solubility n'ime mmiri:Fibroin na-abụkarị ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na mmiri, ebe sericin na-agbaze, nke nwere ike imetụta nhazi na ntinye nke protein silk.
• Gịnị bụ uru nkeProtein silk?
1. Ahụ Ike Skin
◊ Àgwà mmiri: Protein silk na-enyere aka idowe mmiri mmiri, na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ nwee mmiri mmiri na igbochi nkụ.
◊ Mmetụta mgbochi ịka nká: Ọ nwere ike imeziwanye akpụkpọ anụ ahụ ma belata ọdịdị nke ahịrị dị mma na wrinkles, na-akwalite ọdịdị ntorobịa.
2. Nlekọta ntutu
◊ Ike na Na-enwu: Protein silk nwere ike ime ka ike na ncha ntutu dị elu, na-eme ka ọ dị nro ma na-ejikwa ya.
◊ Mmezi mmebi: Ọ na-enyere aka idozi ntutu mebiri emebi site n'inye amino acid dị mkpa nke na-azụ ma na-ewusi eriri ntutu ike.
3. Biocompatibility
◊ Ngwa ahụike: N'ihi ndakọrịta ya, a na-eji protein silk na sutures, usoro nnyefe ọgwụ, yana injin anụ ahụ, na-akwalite uto cell na ọgwụgwọ.
4. Njirimara hypoallergenic
◊ Dị nwayọọ na Akpụkpọ ahụ: Protein silk adịchaghị akpata mmeghachi ahụ nfụkasị ahụ, na-eme ka ọ dabara maka ụdị akpụkpọ ahụ nwere mmetụta.
5. Thermal Regulation
◊ Njikwa okpomọkụ: Silk nwere ihe na-achịkwa okpomọkụ, na-enyere aka mee ka ahụ dị ọkụ na ọnọdụ oyi na oyi na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.
6. Uru gburugburu ebe obibi
◊ Biodegradability: N'ịbụ protein sitere n'okike, silk bụ ihe na-emebi emebi, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ enyi na enyi maka ngwa dị iche iche.
• Gịnị bụ ngwa nkeProtein silk ?
1. Ihe ịchọ mma na nlekọta anụ ahụ
◊ Moisturizers: A na-eji ude na lotions maka ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime ya.
◊ Ngwaahịa na-egbochi ịka nká: Ejikọtara ya na serums na ọgwụgwọ iji meziwanye ngbanwe akpụkpọ ahụ ma belata wrinkles.
◊ Nlekọta ntutu: Achọpụtara ya na shampoos na conditioners iji kwalite nchapụ, ike na njikwa.
2. Ngwa ahụike
◊ Sutures: A na-eji protein silk mee ihe na suture nke ịwa ahụ n'ihi ike ya na ike ịkwalite ọgwụgwọ.
◊ Injinia Tissue: A na-arụ ọrụ na scaffolds maka ịmaliteghachi anụ ahụ, dịka ọ na-akwado uto cell na ọdịiche.
◊ Sistemụ Nnyefe Ọgwụ: Ejiri ya mepụta ndị na-ebu ihe na-emebi emebi maka mwepụta ọgwụ a na-achịkwa.
3. Akwa akwa
◊ Akụrụngwa okomoko: Protein silk bụ ihe dị mkpa n'ime uwe na ngwa dị elu, nke ejiri ya kpọrọ ihe maka ịdị nro na ncha.
◊ Ihe eji arụ ọrụ: A na-eji ya na uwe egwuregwu na uwe na-arụ ọrụ maka ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na nke na-achịkwa okpomọkụ.
4. Ụlọ ọrụ nri
◊ Ihe mgbakwunye nri: Enwere ike iji protein silk dị ka emulsifier eke ma ọ bụ stabilizer na ngwaahịa nri ụfọdụ.
5. Biotechnology
◊ Ngwa nyocha: A na-eji ya na ngwa biotechnological dị iche iche, gụnyere mmepe nke biosensors na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe.
Ajụjụ ndị emetụtara ị nwere ike ịmasị gị:
♦ Kedu ihe mmetụta dị n'akụkụprotein silk?
A na-ewerekarị protein silk dị mma maka ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ, ọkachasị mgbe ejiri ihe ịchọ mma na ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ụfọdụ mmetụta na echiche ndị nwere ike iburu n'uche:
1. Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ
Mmetụta: Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịnweta mmeghachi omume nfụkasị na protein silk, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na ha nwere mmetụta na protein ndị sitere na anụmanụ. Mgbaàmà nwere ike ịgụnye itching, ọbara ọbara, ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụ ọkụ.
2. Iwe iwe
Iwe: N'ọnọdụ ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe, protein silk nwere ike ịkpata mgbakasị anụ ahụ, ọkachasị n'ime ndị nwere akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ akpụkpọ ahụ dịbu adị.
3. Okwu mgbari nri
Ingestion: Ọ bụ ezie na a na-eji protein silk na ngwaahịa ụfọdụ nri, ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè nwere ike ịkpata ahụ erughị ala n'ime ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ.
4. Mmekọrịta na ọgwụ
Mmekọrịta nwere ike ime: Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị, protein silk nwere ike iji ọgwụ ụfọdụ emekọrịta ihe, karịsịa ndị na-emetụta protein metabolism.
♦ Kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti keratin naprotein silk?
Keratin na protein silk bụ ụdị protein abụọ ahụ, mana ha nwere nhazi, isi mmalite na ọrụ dị iche iche. Nke a bụ isi ihe dị iche:
1. Isi mmalite
Keratin:Protein ihe nhazi nke fibrous dị na ntutu isi, mbọ, na akwa akpụkpọ anụ n'ime anụmanụ, gụnyere mmadụ. A na-emepụta ya site na keratinocytes na epidermis.
Protein silk:Nke sitere na silk nke silkworms (Bombyx mori) na ụfọdụ ụmụ ahụhụ ndị ọzọ na-emepụta. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ fibroin na sericin.
2. Ọdịdị
Keratin:Ihe mejupụtara agbụ nke amino acid dị ogologo nke na-etolite usoro helical, na-eme ka ọ sie ike na ike. Enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụdị abụọ: alfa-keratin (nke a na-ahụ na ntutu na mbọ) na beta-keratin (dị na nku na mpi).
Protein silk:Isi ihe mejupụtara fibroin, nke nwere nhazi ahaziri ahazi, kristal nke na-enye aka mee ka ọ dị nro na ncha. Ọ dị obere siri ike karịa keratin.
3. Ngwongwo
Keratin:Amara maka ike ya na ịdịte aka ya, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ihe nchebe dị ka ntutu isi na mbọ. Ọ dị obere mgbanwe karịa silk.
Protein silk:A ma ama maka udidi ya dị nro, njide mmiri, yana ihe ndakọrịta. Ọ dị nro ma na-agbanwe ma e jiri ya tụnyere keratin.
4. Ngwa
Keratin:A na-ejikarị eme ihe na ngwaahịa nlekọta ntutu isi (shampoos, conditioners) iji wusie ike na ịrụzi ntutu isi, yana ọgwụgwọ ntu.
Protein silk:A na-eji ya eme ihe ịchọ mma, nlekọta anụ ahụ, na ngwa ahụike n'ihi ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpori ndụ na biocompatibility ya.
♦ Protein silk ọ na-agbazi ntutu isi?
Protein silk n'onwe ya anaghị agbazi ntutu na kemịkal dịka ọgwụgwọ ụfọdụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụgwọ keratin) na-agbanwe nhazi ntutu. Otú ọ dị, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite ịdị nro na njikwa ntutu isi, na-enye aka na ọdịdị mara mma. Maka ịgbatị n'ezie, ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ ụzọ ikpo ọkụ ga-adị mkpa.
♦ Ọ bụprotein silkmaka ntutu vegan?
A naghị ewere protein silk dị ka onye anaghị eri anụ n'ihi na o sitere na silkworms (kpọmkwem, ụdị Bombyx mori) ma na-agụnye iweta eriri silk site na ụmụ ahụhụ ndị a. Usoro a na-achọkarị igbu silkworms iji nweta silk, nke megidere ụkpụrụ vegan nke na-ezere nrigbu na mmerụ ahụ anụmanụ.
Nhọrọ maka ndị anaghị eri anụ:
Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achọ nhọrọ nlekọta ntutu isi vegan, tụlee ngwaahịa ndị na-eji protein sitere na osisi, dị ka:
Protein soy
Protein ọka wheat
Osikapa Protein
Protein agwa
Nhọrọ ndị a nwere ike inye uru yiri nke ahụ maka ahụike ntutu na-etinyeghị ihe ndị sitere na anụmanụ.
Oge nzipu: Ọkt-09-2024
