• Gịnị BụMandelic acid?
Mandelic acid bụ alfa hydroxy acid (AHA) sitere na almọnd dị ilu. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ maka ihe na-apụ apụ, antibacterial, na mgbochi ịka nká.
• Njirimara anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ nke Mandelic acid
1. Chemical Structure
Aha Chemical: Mandelic acid
Ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ: C8H8O3
Ibu ibu: 152.15 g/mol
Nhazi: Mandelic acid nwere mgbanaka benzene nwere otu hydroxyl (-OH) na otu carboxyl (-COOH) jikọtara na otu carbon atom. Aha IUPAC ya bụ 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid.
2. Njirimara anụ ahụ
Ọdịdị: White crystalline ntụ ntụ
Isi: ísì adịghị isi ma ọ bụ dịtụ àgwà
Ebe Na-agbaze: Ihe dị ka 119-121°C (246-250°F)
Ebe a na-esi esi esi: na-emebi tupu esi esi
Solubility:
Mmiri: Na-agbaze na mmiri
Mmanya: Mmanya na-agbaze na mmanya
Ether: Obere soluble na ether
Njupụta: Ihe dị ka 1.30 g/cm³
3.Chemical Njirimara
Acidity (pKa): pKa nke mandelic acid dị ihe dịka 3.41, na-egosi na ọ bụ acid na-adịghị ike.
Nkwụsi ike: Mandelic acid kwụsiri ike n'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị mana ọ nwere ike wedata mgbe ekpughere ya na oke okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-eme ihe na-ekpo ọkụ.
Mmeghachi omume:
Oxidation: Enwere ike oxidized na benzaldehyde na formic acid.
Mbelata: Enwere ike belata mmanya na-egbu egbu.
4. Njirimara Spectral
UV-Vis Absorption: Mandelic acid enweghị nnukwu nnabata UV-Vis n'ihi enweghị njikọ abụọ jikọtara ọnụ.
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Agụụ absorption nke njirimara gụnyere:
OH ịgbatị: gburugburu 3200-3600 cm⁻¹
C=O ịgbatị: Ihe dịka 1700 cm⁻¹
Mgbatị CO: gburugburu 1100-1300 cm⁻¹
NMR Spectroscopy:
¹H NMR: Na-egosi akara kwekọrọ na protons aromatic yana otu hydroxyl na carboxyl.
¹³C NMR: Na-egosi akara kwekọrọ na atom carbon dị na mgbanaka benzene, carbon carbon carbon, na carbon nke na-ebu hydroxyl.
5. Thermal Njirimara
Ebe Na-agbaze: Dị ka e kwuru, mandelic acid na-agbaze na ihe dịka 119-121 Celsius.
Nbibi: Mandelic acid na-emebi tupu esi esi, na-egosi na ekwesịrị iji nlezianya na-edozi ya na okpomọkụ dị elu.
• Gịnị bụ uru nkeMandelic acid?
1. Ntugharị dị nro
◊ Na-ewepụ mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ: Mandelic acid na-enyere aka iji nwayọọ na-ekpochapụ akpụkpọ ahụ site n'ịkwatu njikọ dị n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ, na-akwalite mwepụ ha na ikpughe ka ọ dị ọhụrụ, dị nro n'okpuru.
◊ Kwesịrị ekwesị maka akpụkpọ ahụ nke nwere mmetụta: N'ihi nha molekul ya ka ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere AHA ndị ọzọ dị ka glycolic acid, mandelic acid na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ abanye n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ, na-eme ka ọ ghara iwe iwe na adabara ụdị akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro.
2. Njirimara mgbochi ịka nká
◊ Na-ebelata ahịrị dị mma na nhụsianya: Iji mandelic acid mgbe niile nwere ike inye aka belata ọdịdị ahịrị dị mma na wrinkles site n'ịkwalite mmepụta collagen na imezi ụdị akpụkpọ ahụ.
◊ Na-eme Ka Ọkpụkpọ Akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma: Mandelic acid na-enyere aka mee ka nhịahụ akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ pụta ìhè ma na-eto eto karị.
3. Ọgwụgwọ ihe otutu
◊ Njirimara Antibacterial: Mandelic acid nwere ihe na-egbu egbu nke na-enyere aka ibelata nje bacteria na-ebute ihe otutu na akpụkpọ ahụ, na-eme ka ọ dị irè n'ịgwọ na igbochi ihe otutu.
◊ Na-ebelata mbufụt: Ọ na-enyere aka ibelata mbufụt na ọbara ọbara jikọtara ya na ihe otutu, na-akwalite akpụkpọ anụ.
◊ Unclogs Pores: Mandelic acid na-enyere aka ịgbachi pores site n'iwepụ mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na oke mmanụ, na-ebelata ọnọdụ isi ojii na isi ọcha.
4. Hyperpigmentation na Skin Brightening
◊ Na-ebelata Hyperpigmentation: Mandelic acid nwere ike inye aka belata hyperpigmentation, ntụpọ ojii, na melasma site na igbochi mmepụta nke melanin, pigmenti na-ahụ maka agba akpụkpọ ahụ.
◊ Evens Skin Tone: Iji ya eme ihe mgbe niile nwere ike ime ka ụda anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu yana nchacha mma.
5. Na-eme ka ọdịdị akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma
◊ Smoother Skin: Site n'ịkwalite mwepụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na ịgba ume mgbanwe cell, mandelic acid na-enyere aka mee ka udidi akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro.
◊ Na-anụcha pores: Mandelic acid nwere ike inye aka belata ọdịdị nke oghere ndị toro eto, na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma ma na-egbuke egbuke.
6. Mmiri mmiri
◊ Njide mmiri: Mandelic acid na-enyere aka melite ikike akpụkpọ ahụ iji jide mmiri, na-eduga n'ịdị mma nke mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, na-adịkwa mma karị.
7. Mmezi mmebi nke anyanwụ
◊Na-ebelata mmebi anyanwụ: Mandelic acid nwere ike inye aka rụkwaa akpụkpọ ahụ nke anwụ mebiri site n'ịkwalite ntụgharị cell na ibelata ọdịdị anyanwụ na ụdị hyperpigmentation ndị ọzọ nke ikpughe UV kpatara.
• Gịnị bụ ngwa nkeMandelic acid?
1. Ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ
◊Ndị na-asachapụ
Ndị na-ehicha ihu: A na-eji Mandelic acid mee ihe na-asachapụ ihu iji nye nsị dị nro na nchacha miri emi, na-enyere aka wepụ mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ anụ nwụrụ anwụ, oke mmanụ na adịghị ọcha.
Toner
Toners na-ekpochapụ: Mandelic acid na-etinye n'ime toner iji nyere aka dozie pH akpụkpọ ahụ, nye nsị dị nro, ma kwadebe akpụkpọ ahụ maka usoro nlekọta anụ ahụ na-esote.
◊Ọbara
Ọgwụgwọ Ezubere: Ọbara mmanụ Mandelic acid na-ewu ewu maka ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche maka ihe otutu, hyperpigmentation, na akara ịka nká. Usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị a na-ebuga doses nke mandelic acid na akpụkpọ ahụ maka ịdị irè kachasị.
◊Moisturizers
Ude mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ: Mandelic acid na-etinye mgbe ụfọdụ na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ iji nye nsị dị nro ka ọ na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ọdịdị na ụda dịkwuo mma.
◊Akpụkpọ anụ
Peels kemịkalụ: A na-eji peels mandelic acid ọkachamara eme ihe maka nkupụ ọkụ na mmeghari akpụkpọ ahụ. Peels ndị a na-enyere aka melite ọdịdị akpụkpọ ahụ, belata hyperpigmentation, na ịgwọ ihe otutu.
2. Ọgwụgwọ Dermatological
◊Ọgwụgwọ ihe otutu
Ngwọta Topical: A na-eji Mandelic acid mee ihe na ngwọta na ọgwụgwọ maka ihe otutu n'ihi ihe ndị na-egbu egbu na ike ibelata mbufụt na unclog pores.
◊Hyperpigmentation
Ihe na-egbuke egbuke: A na-eji Mandelic acid na ọgwụgwọ maka hyperpigmentation, melasma, na ntụpọ gbara ọchịchịrị. Ọ na-enyere aka igbochi mmepụta melanin ma kwalite ụda anụ ahụ karịa.
◊Mgbochi ịka nká
Ọgwụ mgbochi ịka nká: Mandelic acid na-esonye na ọgwụgwọ ịka nká iji belata ọdịdị nke ahịrị dị mma na wrinkles, meziwanye ngbanwe akpụkpọ ahụ, na ịkwalite mmepụta collagen.
3. Usoro ịchọ mma
◊Ngwakọta kemịkalụ
Peels ndị ọkachamara: Ndị ọkachamara n'ịgwọ ọrịa anụ ahụ na ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ na-eji mandelic acid na peels kemịkalụ na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ dị omimi, melite ọdịdị akpụkpọ ahụ, na ịgwọ nsogbu akpụkpọ anụ dị iche iche dị ka ihe otutu, hyperpigmentation, na ihe ịrịba ama nke ịka nká.
◊Microneedling
Mmụba Na-abawanye: Enwere ike iji Mandelic acid yana usoro microneedling iji kwalite mmịnye nke acid ma melite arụmọrụ ya n'ịgwọ nchegbu anụ ahụ.
4. Ngwa ahụike
◊Ọgwụgwọ Antibacterial
Ọgwụ nje ndị dị n'elu: Njirimara antibacterial nke Mandelic acid na-eme ka ọ baa uru na ọgwụgwọ n'elu maka nje na ọnọdụ akpụkpọ ahụ.
◊Ọgwụgwọ ọnya
Ndị na-agwọ ọrịa: A na-eji Mandelic acid mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụdị emebere iji kwalite ọgwụgwọ ọnya yana ibelata ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa.
5. Ngwaahịa nlekọta ntutu isi
◊Ọgwụgwọ isi
Ọgwụgwọ Ọkpụkpọ Isi:Mandelic acida na-eji na ọgwụgwọ isi isi iji kpochapụ mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ anụ nwụrụ anwụ, belata dandruff, ma kwalite gburugburu ebe isi ahụ dị mma.
6. Ngwaahịa nlekọta ọnụ
◊Ịsacha ọnụ
Ọnụ na-asachapụ nje bacteria: Njirimara antibacterial nke Mandelic acid na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-edozi ọnụ nke e mere iji belata nje bacteria na-eme ka ọnụ ọnụ dịkwuo ọcha.
Ajụjụ ndị emetụtara ị nwere ike ịmasị gị:
♦ Kedu ihe mmetụta dị n'akụkụmandelic acid?
Ọ bụ ezie na mandelic acid na-adịkarị mma ma na-anabata ya nke ọma, ọ nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta ndị dị ka mgbakasị ahụ akpụkpọ ahụ, nkụchi, ụbara mmetụta anyanwụ, mmeghachi ahụ nfụkasị, na hyperpigmentation. Iji wedata ihe egwu ndị a, mee nyocha patch, malite na ntinye uche dị ntakịrị, jiri mmiri mmiri na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, tinye ihe mkpuchi anwụ kwa ụbọchị, ma zere ikpochapụ oke. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enweta nsonaazụ na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ siri ike, kpọtụrụ onye na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ maka ndụmọdụ ahaziri onwe gị.
♦ Otu esi eji Mandelic acid
Mandelic acid bụ alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) nke nwere ike itinye n'ime usoro nlekọta anụ ahụ gị iji gboo nsogbu akpụkpọ ahụ dị iche iche dị ka ihe otutu, hyperpigmentation, na ihe ịrịba ama nke ịka nká. Nke a bụ ntuziaka zuru oke maka otu esi eji mandelic acid eme ihe nke ọma yana n'enweghị nsogbu:
1. Ịhọrọ Ezi Ngwaahịa
Ụdị ngwaahịa
Ndị na-ehicha ihe: Mandelic acid cleansers na-enye mgbatị dị nro na ịdị ọcha miri emi. Ha dabara maka ojiji kwa ụbọchị.
Toners: Ịmepụta toners na mandelic acid na-enyere aka ịhazi pH akpụkpọ ahụ ma nye nsị dị nro. Enwere ike iji ha kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụ ugboro ole na ole n'izu, dabere na ntachi obi anụ ahụ gị.
Serums: Mandelic acid serum na-enye ọgwụgwọ gbadoro anya maka nsogbu akpụkpọ ahụ. A na-ejikarị ha eme ihe otu ugboro ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị.
Ihe na-eme mmiri: Ụfọdụ mmiri mmiri nwere mandelic acid iji nye hydration na nsị dị nro.
Peels: peels mandelic acid ọkachamara na-akawanye njọ ma ekwesịrị iji ya n'okpuru nduzi nke ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọkachamara nlekọta anụ ahụ.
2. Ịtinye Mandelic acid n'ime usoro gị
Ntuziaka nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ
◊Nchacha
Jiri ihe dị nro dị ọcha: Malite na ihe dị nro na-adịghị ekpochapụ ihe dị ọcha iji wepụ unyi, mmanụ na etemeete.
Nhọrọ: Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji amandelic aciddị ọcha, nke a nwere ike ịbụ nzọụkwụ mbụ gị. Tinye ihe nchacha ahụ iji mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ daa, ịhịa aka n'ahụ nke ọma, wee sachaa nke ọma.
◊Toning
Tinye Toner: Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji toner mandelic acid, tinye ya mgbe emechara ya. Wunye akwa akwa na toner wee kpoo ya n'ihu gị, na-ezere ebe anya. Kwe ka ọ banye nke ọma tupu ọ gaa n'ọzọ ọzọ.
◊Ngwa serum
Tinye Serum: Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji serum mandelic acid, tinye ntakịrị ntakịrị n'ihu na olu gị. Jiri nwayọọ tinye serum n'ime akpụkpọ gị, na-ezere ebe anya. Kwe ka ọ banye kpamkpam.
◊Moisturize
Tinye moisturizer: Soro mmiri mmiri na-eme ka mmiri mechie mmiri wee mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị jụụ. Ọ bụrụ na moisturizer gị nwere mandelic acid, ọ ga-enyekwu uru exfoliation.
◊Nchekwa anyanwụ
Tinye Sunscreen: Mandelic acid nwere ike ime ka anụ ahụ gị nwee mmetụta na anyanwụ. Ọ dị oke mkpa itinye ihe mkpuchi anwụ nke nwere opekata mpe SPF 30 kwa ụtụtụ, ọbụlagodi n'ụbọchị igwe ojii.
3. Ugboro ojiji
◊Eji kwa ụbọchị
Ndị na-ehicha ihe na toner: Enwere ike iji ndị a kwa ụbọchị, dabere na ntachi obi anụ ahụ gị. Malite na ụbọchị ọ bụla ọzọ wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye iji kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ gị nwere ike ijikwa ya.
Serums: Malite na otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị, ọkacha mma na mgbede. Ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ gị na-anabata ya nke ọma, ị nwere ike ịbawanye ruo ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị.
◊Jiri kwa izu
Peels: Ekwesịrị iji peels mandelic acid ọkachamara na-eji obere oge, ọ na-abụkarị otu ugboro kwa izu 1-4, dabere na ntinye uche na nnabata akpụkpọ gị. Soro ntuziaka onye ọkachamara na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ mgbe niile.
4. Nnwale patch
Nnwale patch: Tupu itinye mandelic acid n'ime usoro gị, mee nyocha patch iji hụ na ị nweghị mmeghachi omume ọjọọ. Tinye obere ngwaahịa ahụ na mpaghara nwere uche, dị ka n'azụ ntị gị ma ọ bụ n'obe ime gị, ma chere awa 24-48 iji lelee maka akara ọ bụla nke iwe.
5. Na-ejikọta ya na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka nlekọta anụ ahụ
◊Ngwakọta dakọtara
Hyaluronic acid: na-enye hydration na ụzọ abụọ nke ọmamandelic acid.
Niacinamide: na-enyere aka mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị jụụ ma belata mbufụt, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ezigbo enyi na mandelic acid.
◊Ihe ndị a ga-ezere
Ndị ọzọ Exfoliants: Zere iji AHA ndị ọzọ, BHA (dị ka salicylic acid), ma ọ bụ exfoliants anụ ahụ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ iji gbochie nkwụsịtụ na mgbakasị ahụ.
Retinoids: Iji retinoids na mandelic acid ọnụ nwere ike ịbawanye ohere nke iwe. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji ha abụọ, tụlee ụbọchị ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ gakwuru onye dọkịta gbasara anụ ahụ maka ndụmọdụ ahaziri onwe gị.
6. Nleba anya na mmezi
◊Lelee akpụkpọ ahụ gị
Nyochaa mmeghachi omume: Lezienụ anya ka akpụkpọ gị si emeghachite acid mandelic. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enweta oke ọbara ọbara, mgbakasị ahụ, ma ọ bụ nkụ, belata ugboro ole iji ma ọ bụ gbanwee gaa na ntinye dị ala.
Gbanwee dị ka achọrọ: Nlekọta akpụkpọ ahụ abụghị otu-dabara-niile. Gbanwee ugboro na itinye uche nke mandelic acid dabere na mkpa anụ ahụ na ndidi gị.
Oge nzipu: Sep-24-2024
